Physics

__ **Physics** __

__**Book**__ Physics Principles and Problems- Glencoe McGraw-Hill 2009 __**Class Description**__ Physics is a college preparatory class designed for those students interested in pursuing a career in the science/health related fields. While we will explore topics through varies activities, it is a **math based** course. Topics will include but are not limited to: motion, vector addition, mathematical models of motion, forces, forces and motion in two dimensions, universal gravitation, momentum and conservation, energy, work and simple machines, states of matter, waves and energy transfer, sound, light, reflection and refraction, mirrors and lenses, diffraction and interference of light, static electricity, electric fields, current electricity, series and parallel circuits, magnetic fields, electromagnetic induction, and electromagnetism. Students will utilize the scientific method with written lab reports while demonstrating correct usage of laboratory equipment. Safety is ALWAYS the number one priority in the laboratory. __**Chapter 1 What is physics?**__ __**Standards**__ ETS1.A __**Essential questions**__ What are some common methods used for scientific research? How is physics important in the real world? What topics makes up the study of physics? How does theory, experiments, and applications play roles in physics research? Why is the study of Mars important to scientists on Earth? -identify important people from early physics -identify common methods used in scientific research -list reasons as to why the branch of physics is important to our world -relate theory, experiments, and applications to the role they play in physics research -describe the important reasons for studying Mars
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__**Chapter 2 mathematical toolkit**____**Standards**__9-12.NS.1.1/9-12.NS.1.2/9-12.NS.2.2 __**Essential Questions**__What are the SI units fo measurments?How are linear relationships calculated between two variables?How are nubmers computed in scientific notation?How are relationships between independent and dependent varibles calculated?What is the relatinship between accuracy and precision?What are the differences between quadratic and inverse relationships? __**Skills**__-list the SI standards of measurements-identify the y-intercept on a graph-calcualte the linear relationships between two variables-estimate measurments and solutions to problems-compute numbers in scientifric notation-compute measurements using significant figures-graph relationships between independentand dependent variables-calculate slope-recognize quadratic and inerse relationships-compare and contrast metric units of measurements-compare and contrast accuracy and precision-compare and contast independent and dependent variables-compare and contrast leniar and direct relationships

__**assessments/lessons:**__ __**Chapter 3-describing motion**____**Standards**__9-12.N.2.1A/9-12.P.2.1A __**Essential Questions**__How do coordinate systems work?How is acceleration and velocity calculated?How do motion diagrams work?How do coordinate systems affect eh signs of vector quantities?What are the differences between scalar and vector quantities?What are the differences brtween positive and negative positions?What are teh differences between average velocity and instantaneous velocity? __**Skills**__-identify coordinate systems fo rmotion problems-identify origins on coordinant systems-use motion diagrams to obtain average acceleration-calculate average acceleration and displacement-use a particle model to represent a moving object-describe operation definitions of motion-recognize how a coordinate system affects the signs of vector quantities-create a pictoral and physical models for solving models-compare and contrast scalar and vecotyr quanities-compare and contrast average velocity and instantaneous velocity

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__**Chapter 4 vector addition**__ __**Standards**__9-12.N.2.1A/9-12.N.2.3A/9-12.P.2.1A __**Essential Questions**__What are the methods used to find the resultant vector?How can we identify an appropriate coordinate system?How can we calculate teh sum of two vectors?How can we use the Pythagorem theorm and the Law of Cosines with vectors?What are some application to using vectors?What are the differences between graphical and algebraic representaitons of vecotors? __**Skills**__-identify resultant vectors-determine graphically-the sum of two or more vectors-calcualte the problems of relative velocity-calculate vectors through math and graphs-calculate the magnitude of a resultant by the Pythagorem theorem and by the Law of Cosines-establihs a coordinate system involving ectyor quantities-use the process of resolution of vectyors to find the component of the vectors-compare and contrast graphical and algebraic representations of vectors **__assessments/lessons:__**

__**Chapter 5 motion**____**Standards**__9-12.N.2.1A/9-12.P.2.1/9-12/P.2.1 __**Essential Questions**__What is acceleration due to gravity?What kind of information is contained in graphs?How do we calculate average velocity adna verage acceleration?How do we draw graphs that describe motion?How do we interpret position-time graphs and veloctiy-time graphs?How do we solve problems involvign freelyf alling objects? __**Skills**__-identify an instant of time-identify the acceleration due to gravity on Earth-draw graphs from descriptions of motion-describe in words the information presented in graphs-calculate problems involvign average velocity, displacment, acceleration, an final position-determine information from the curves on a velocity-time graphs and position-time graphs-compare and contrast instantaneous acceleration-compare and contrast positive and negative acceleration __**assessments/lessons:**__





__**Chapter 6 forces**__ __**Standards**__ 9-12.N__**.2.1A/9-12.NS.1.2/9-12.NS.2.2/9-12.P.2.1A/9-12.P.2.2**__ __**Essential Questions**__ What are Newton's first three laws of motion? What are some different types of forces in the universe? How do we use Newon'slaws in calculations? What factors contribute to the periods of a pendelum? How do interaction pairs work? What are the differences between long range and short range forces? What are the differences between static and kinetic friction? __**Skills**__ -identify Newton's three laws -identify different types of forces -identify terminal velocity -list teh four fundamental forces -describe an object in equilibrium -create free-body diagrams combining forces -utilize Newont' laws in force calculations -describe common misconceptions about forces -describe how acceleration due to gravity influences harmonic motion -calculate scale readings during acceleration -calculate the periods of a pendelum -describe the relationships between period and amplitude -describe the meaning of interaction pairs of forces and how they are related by newton's third law -compare and contrast contact forces and long range forces -compare and cotnrast mass and weight -compare and cotnrast static and kinetic friction

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__**Chapter 7 forces in two dimensions**__ __**Standard**__ 9-12.P.2.1A/9-12.P.2.2A __**Essential Questions**__ How do we find the range of a projectile motion? When do we know an object is in equilibrium? What is the relationship between circular motion and torque? How is Newton's 2nd law related to centripetal force? How do we find the different varibles involved with projectile motion? How can we analyze the motion of an oject on an inclined plante __**Skills**__ -identify when an object is in equilbirum -identify the range of a projectile -explain how the rate of circular motion is changec by exerting torque on it -identify the frame of reference that a trajectory depends on -describe how centripetal acceleration depends upont eh ojects speed and the radius of the circle -describe the direction of the force that causes centripetal acceleration -relate Newton's 2nd law to centripetal force -calculate the equilbrant -calculate motion using a coordinate system with an equilbriant -calcualte problems with projectiels launched horizontally at an angle -describe how torque effects motion -explain how the rate of circular motion is changed by exertint torque on it -analyze the motion of an object on an inclined plane with and without friction -compare and contrast horizontal and vertical motions of a projectile

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__**Chapter 8 gravity**__ 9-12.P.2.2A __**Essential Questions**__ What does Kepler's law say? How can we calculate Kepler's 3rd law of planetary motion, periods of planetary motion, speeds of objects in circular orbits, periods of satellites circling the Earth, force, interial mass, and gravitional mass? What does Einstein's theory of gravity mean? How did Micheal Faraday describe the field of gravity? What is teh difference between gravitational mass and intertial mass? What are the differences between Kepler's law of planetary motiona nd Newton's law of Universal Gravitation? __**Skills**__ -calculate problems involving circular objects and planatary motion -identify the strength of the gravitational field on Earth -describe Kepler's law -describe the mthod Cavendish used to measure G -describe Einstine's theory of gravity -describe Micheal Faradays concepts of field of gravity -compare and contrast gravitational mass and interial mass -compare and contrast Kepler's laws of planetary motion and Newton's law of Unviersal gravitation -compare and contrast Newton's and einstien's views about gravitation
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__**Chapter 9 momentum/impulse**__ __**Standards**__ 9-12.N.2.3A __**Essential Qustions**__ How is concentraion of meomentum related to propulsion? How do we calculate momentum and impulse? What does the impulse momentum theorum say? Why is an isolated closed system important? How do we calculate changes in velocity and momentum? How do we calcualte changes in velocity? __**Skills**__ -calculate linear momentum, impulse, changes in velocity, changes in momentum in explosions and recoil problems -analyze conservation of momentum to propulsion -describe the impulse-momenum theorum -compare and contrast closed and open systems -comapre and contrast charcteristics of two objects with the same linear momentum but different masses in closed systems

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__**Chapter 10**__ __**Standards**__ 9-12.N.2.3A/9-12.P.2.3 __**Essential Questions**__ How do we identify different parts of simple machines? What are some simple and compound machiens? How are machines and potential/kinetic energy related? What are some differences between IMA and MA? How are simple machines and compound machines related? What are some differnces between effort force and resistance force __**Skills**__ -identify effort force, resitance forc,e effort distance, and resistance on simple machines -calcule kientic energy, work, power, MA, and IMA -calculate efficiency using Wo/Wi or MA/IMA -comapre and contrast simple and compound machines -compare and contrast IMA and MA -list and compare units of energy and power __**assessments/lessons:**__ __**Chapter 18 lenses and mirrors**__ __**Standards**__ 9-12.P.3.2A/9-12.P.3.2A __**Essen**t**ial Questions**__ What are the differnces between the angle of incidence and refraction? What is the index of refraction of different materials and how is it calculated? How does a rainbow occur? What are different effects of refraction? What is meant by total internal reflection? How is focal length and magnifcation calculated? What type sof mirrors are used in telescopes, microscopes and eye lenses? What are some differences between concave and convex mirrors and lenses? How is chromatic aberration and spherical aberrations reduced? What are some differences between myopia and hyperopia? __**Skills**__ -compare and contrast concave and convex mirrors and lenses -compare and contrast real and virtual images -describe methods to correct imperfect eye lenses -calculate focal length and magnification -compare and cotnrast myopia and hyperopia -analyze everyday uses of lenses -calculate problems using Snell's law, index of refraction, and velocity problems using the pseed of light in a vaccum -describe the process of total internal reflection -compare and contrast angles of incidence to angles of reflection -identify the index of refraction of different materials

__**assessments/lessons:**__ __**Semester1 Test Review**__ __**semester 1 project**__